Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in mathematical research, reshaping the methods by which mathematicians discover, formulate, and verify results. This paper examines the multifaceted impact of AI on contemporary mathematics, covering landmark achievements in automated theorem proving and problem solving, the evolving paradigm of human-AI collaboration in both pure and applied mathematics, the epistemological question of novel concept creation, and the ethical dimensions of AI-assisted research. We argue that while AI currently excels as a powerful computational collaborator identifying patterns, generating conjectures, and rigorously verifying proofs, the creation of genuinely new mathematical concepts remains a distinctly human endeavour requiring intuition, abstraction, and intellectual struggle. Properly cited human-AI collaboration represents not a threat but an enrichment of the mathematical enterprise, provided that human scrutiny, rigorous verification, and transparent attribution are maintained. We conclude with reflections on the implications for skill development and the enduring value of the mathematical struggle that produces genuine understanding.